老年病房风险评价和FMEA分析

Application of Risk Assessment System and FMEA in Risk Management of Geriatric Ward

目的探讨风险评价体系与失效模式和效应分析(failure mode and effect analysis,FMEA)在老年病房护理风险管理中的应用效果。方法选择2015年1—11月本科老年患者76例为对照组,按照老年内科常规护理进行护理;选择2016年1—11月干部病房一科老年患者83例为观察组,除执行老年内科常规护理外,建立风险评价体系表对老年病房的护理风险进行评估,选择权重最高的10个指标作为FMEA的失效模式,分析其影响因素,并制定改善措施。比较观察组实施FMEA管理模式前后优先风险数值(risk priority number,RPN),病房不良事件发生率和患者满意度。结果观察组改善措施实施后失效模式的RPN低于实施前,病房不良事件发生率下降(P<0.01),患者满意度增加(P<0.01)。结论应用风险评价体系和FMEA能使病房潜在的安全隐患得到控制,降低风险事件的发生率,确保老年患者住院的安全。

Objective To evaluate the effects of the risk assessment system and failure mode and effect analysis（ FMEA） in risk management of geriatric ward. Methods 76 patients who were hospitalized from January to November in 2015 were chosen as control group and received routine geriatric care. 83 patients who were hospitalized from January to November in 2016 were chosen as observation group and were applied with the risk assessment system and FMEA upon the conventional nursing foundation. Risk priority number,the adverse event incidence and Patient Satisfaction were compared in the observation group and the control group. Results By carrying out effective improvement measures,risk priority number was reduced comprehensively in the observation group. The adverse event incidence in the observation group was lower than that in the control group（ P 〈 0. 01）. Patient Satisfaction in the observation group was higher than that in the control group（ P 〈 0. 01）. Conclusion Application of risk assessment system and FMEA in risk management of geriatric ward can reduce the incidence of risk events and ensure the safety of elderly patients.