术后恶心呕吐相关基因多态性的研究现状

Research on gene polymorphism associated with postoperative nausea and vomiting

背景术后恶心呕吐（postoperativenauseaandvomiting，PONV）是临床上常见的并发症，受多种因素的影响。尽管有多种类型的止吐药物用于控制PONV的发生，但效果并不理想，且患者对药物的反应存在很大的差异性。目的探讨基因多态性对PONV发生的影响，为预防PONV提供预警作用。内容多种基因多态性与PONV的发生具有关联性，其中涉及对止吐药物疗效的影响。趋向目前已发现多个PONV的易感基因，期待根据基因分型进行个体化治疗以优化PONV的药物防治效果。

Background Postoperative nausea and vomiting （PONV） is a common complication alter surgery, which is affected by various factors. In the clinical setting, different antiemetics are introduced to decrease the incidence of PONV, with unsatisfactory efficacy. Response to these agents varies. Objective To explore the effects of gene polyrnorphism on PONV, so as to provide early warning for the incidence of PONV. Contents Multiple gene polymorpbisms are associated with PONV, some of which influence on the efficacy of antiemetics. Trend Several genes with PONV susceptibility genes have been discovered so far, which may improve the prevention and treatment of PONV through individualized therapy based on the different genotypes.