食管鳞癌上皮间质转化与肿瘤侵袭转移的研究进展

The research progress of epithelial mesenchymal transformation of esophageal squamous carcinoma and tumor invasion and metastasis

食管癌是全球常见的恶性肿瘤之一,在中国主要以鳞癌为主。虽然近年来食管鳞癌的早期诊断、手术治疗以及局部和全身的辅助治疗等方面的研究进展显著,但食管鳞癌的发病率和死亡率仍然居高不下,其中肿瘤的侵袭和转移是导致患者死亡的最主要原因。肿瘤细胞的侵袭和转移能力主要通过上皮间质转化(epithelial-mesenchymal transition,EMT)过程来获得。EMT是一个动态、多步骤和高度复杂的过程,其中涉及到肿瘤细胞基因、表观遗传学等的改变,这些改变与肿瘤的侵袭和转移密切相关。本文综述了食管鳞癌EMT与肿瘤侵袭转移的研究进展,旨在为食管鳞癌的诊断治疗研究积累基础理论资料。

Esophageal cancer is one of the world＇s common malignant tumor. And squamous cell carcinoma is the main kind of esophageal cancer in our country. Although recent advances in the early diagnosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, as well as surgical treatment, local and systemic adjuvant therapy and other aspects are obvious, the morbidity and mortality of esophageal squamous cell carcinomas remains high, and the tumor invasion and metastasis are the main cause of the patients＇ death. The abilities of invasion and metastasis of tumor cells are obtained mainly through the epithelial-mesenchymal transformation process. EMT is a dynamic, highly complex and multi-step process, which involves changes of the genes of tumor cells, epigenetic and so on, these changes are closely related with tumor invasion and metastasis. In this paper, we do a review about the research progress of the relationship between the EMT of esophageal squamous carcinoma and tumor invasion and metastasis.