组蛋白H3K36甲基化修饰在DNA损伤修复中的作用

The role of histone H3K36 methylation in DNA damage and repair

维持基因组的稳定性是保证生命活动正常进行的必要条件。内部或外界的刺激会造成DNA的损伤,引起基因组的不稳定,导致细胞死亡甚至肿瘤发生。DNA为基础的核小体上的组蛋白可以发生多种翻译后修饰,其中组蛋白H3第36位上的赖氨酸(H3K36)的甲基化修饰在抑制非正常转录起始、抑制组蛋白交换、调控RNA可变剪切中发挥重要作用。近几年来,多项研究结果也表明,H3K36修饰在双链断裂和错配修复等DNA损伤修复活动中也发挥了调控作用。因此,了解H3K36甲基化在DNA损伤修复中的作用,可为相关疾病的研究与治疗提供理论基础。

The maintenance of genome stability is critical for normal life activities. Endogenous or exogenous stimulus would lead to DNA damage, which causes genome instability, and even cell death and cancer. Multiple posttranslational modifications are occurred on histones from DNA-wrapped nucleosomes. Among them, the methylation of Lys36 on histone H3（H3K36） has been reported to be important for repressing cryptic transcription, controlling trans-histone exchange and regulating RNA alternative splicing, and so on. In recent years, many studies have suggested that H3K36 methylation also played roles in DNA damage and repair, including DNA double-strand break and DNA mismatch repair. Understanding the mechanism of H3K36 methylation in DNA damage and repair may provide useful information for treatment of related diseases.