完善城市轨道交通宏观管理探讨

Key factors on Improvement of Urban Rail Transit Management

票价、资本金、建设规模是轨道交通宏观管理的重要内容。轨道交通票价实质是政府与乘客之间如何分担轨道交通全成本的比例问题。深入分析北京、深圳轨道交通全成本票价的构成,提出了确定轨道交通票价的可行原则。轨道交通资本金制度与其他市场化行业存在本质区别,地方政府应该明晰自己在轨道交通建设和运营中承担的真实资金压力。要根据城市公共财政预算收入水平合理确定近期建设规模,综合考虑建设资金、还本付息资金的压力,确保城市轨道交通的可持续发展。

Fare, capital, construction planning scale are important contents of the macro management of urban rail transit. Rail transit fare is essentially the problem of how to share full cost between the government and the passenger. In-depth analysis of Beijing, Shenzhen rail transit cost fare, is proposed to determine the feasible principle of rail transit fares. The rail transit capital is essentially different from other market-oriented industries, and local governments should make clear the real financial pressure they undertake in the construction and operation of rail transit. It is necessary to rationally determine the scale of the recent construction planning according to the income level of the urban public budget, and comprehensively consider the pressure of the construction funds and the funds for repayment of principal and interest so as to ensure the sustainable development of urban rail transit.