猪圆环病毒3型研究进展

Research progress on porcine circovirus 3

2016年,美国堪萨斯州立大学科研人员利用宏基因组测序技术,从患有皮炎肾病综合征(PDNS)和繁殖障碍母猪及其流产胎儿体内首次鉴定出一种新型猪圆环病毒,命名为猪圆环病毒3型(Porcine circovirus 3,PCV3)。流行病学调查发现PCV3感染多见于具有PDNS和繁殖障碍症状猪群,目前已于美国多个州猪群内普遍流行。同时,美国旧金山血液系统研究所科研人员从3头不明病因导致的心脏和多器官炎症仔猪体内也检测出PCV3。随后,我国湖北、广东等多个省市猪群中也检测出PCV3。近来,波兰和韩国相继报道存在PCV3感染猪群。作为一种新发现病原体,PCV3对猪致病性及在猪圆环病毒相关疾病(PCVAD)中作用以及现有商品化PCV2疫苗对其免疫效力等有待进一步研究。文章综述PCV3最新进展,以期为后续研究提供参考。

In 2016,a novel porcine circovirus,designated porcine circovirus 3（PCV3）,was first identified in diseased sows with porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome（PDNS）-like clinical signs as well as in the aborted fetuses by researchers from the Kansas State University using metagenomic sequencing technology. Epidemiological survey further demonstrated that PCV3 infection was mainly distributed in the pig herds exhibiting PDNS and reproductive failure symptoms and was widely prevalent in the swine population in several states of the USA. The Blood Systems Research Institute（San Francisco,USA） also discovered PCV3 in three sick piglets with cardiac and multi-systemic inflammation of unknown etiology. PCV3 was also detected in the Chinese pig herds in Hubei and Guangdong Provinces,etc. The presence of PCV3 infection was successively reported in the Polish and Korean pig populations. As a newly emerging pathogen,the pathogenicity of PCV3 for swine,the role of PCV3 played in porcine circovirus associated diseases（PCVAD）,and its potential influence on the immune efficacy of the existing commercial porcine circovirus 2（PCV2） vaccines need to be further studied. In order to provide a reference for follow-up studies,the latest research progress of PCV3 was summarized in this review.