中医护理在维持性血液透析患者的临床应用

Clinical application of TCM nursing in treating maintenance hemodialysis

目的:探讨中医护理在维持性血液透析患者的临床应用。方法:选取我院2016年1月-12月住院及门诊行维持性血液透析1年以上的患者共150例进行研究。随机分为观察组和对照组,对照组采用常规护理,观察组在常规护理的基础上予以中医辨证护理8周。对比两组患者的临床症状(恶心、呕吐、皮肤瘙痒)及并发症(低血压、高钾)发生率。分层比较观察组患者予以中医护理4周和8周,透析患者的临床症状(恶心、呕吐、皮肤瘙痒)及并发症(低血压、高钾)发生率。结果:实施中医护理的观察组临床症状(恶心、呕吐、皮肤瘙痒)及并发症(低血压、高钾)发生率,明显低于对照组,(P<0.05)。分层比较观察组中医护理8周的透析患者临床症状(恶心、呕吐、皮肤瘙痒)及并发症(低血压、高钾)发生率较中医护理4周的低,(P<0.05)。结论:对于维持性血液透析患者积极采取中医护理方式,可减少患者血液透析临床症状及并发症发生率,提高疗效,改善患者生活质量,且中医护理持续时间越长,患者的治疗效果越好,值得在临床上大为推广应用。

Objective： To explore the clinical application of TCM nursing in maintenance hemodialysis patients. Methods： 150 patients who underwent maintenance hemodialysis for more than 1 year from January 2016 to December 2016 in our hospital were enrolled and randomly divided into the observation group and the control group. The control group received conventional care; the observation group received TCM dialectal nursing more, for 8 weeks. The incidence of clinical symptoms（nausea, vomiting, and pruritus）and complications（hypotension, hyperkalemia） were compared between groups. The incidence of clinical symptoms（nausea, vomiting,and pruritus） and complications（hypotension, hyperkalemia） were compared in 4 weeks and 8 weeks after treatment in the observation group. Results： The incidence of clinical symptoms（nausea, vomiting, skin itching） and complications（hypotension, hyperkalemia） in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group（P〈0.05）. The incidence of clinical symptoms（nausea, vomiting,skin pruritus） and complications（hypotension, hyperkalemia） in 8 weeks after treatment was significantly lower than those in 4 weeks after treatment（P〈0.05）. Conclusion： TCM nursing can reduce the clinical symptoms and complication rate, improve the curative effect and the quality of life of patients with hemodialysis. The longer of TCM care, the better the treatment effect was, which was worthy of clinical promotion and application.