我国矿区棕地综合治理及再利用

Sustainable management and reuse of brownfield in China's mining areas

矿区土地治理与再利用是一项紧迫的任务,由于多年的矿产开采,导致矿区的大面积土地破坏和废弃,土壤及地下水污染,从而形成了矿区棕地并造成大量的土地价值损失,加剧了矿区的人地矛盾。因此,研究棕地这一类特殊土地的再利用对于矿区的可持续发展具有重要的现实意义。通过分析国内外矿区棕地研究相关理论与方法,结合我国矿区棕地的现状,探讨了矿区棕地综合治理的方案和措施。建议我国矿区棕地治理和再利用方案框架可划分为调查评价、生态修复和土地复垦与景观再造3个阶段:调查评价阶段主要包括棕地土壤环境质量评价与可持续利用评价;生态修复阶段可选择适宜的技术方法进行污染土壤和地下水修复;土地复垦与景观再造阶段是根据矿区棕地类型及分布特点,因地制宜,进行棕地复垦和综合治理利用。同时讨论了每个阶段的主要工作内容和措施,比较了不同修复技术方法的优劣,给出了我国矿区棕地复垦和综合利用的模式建议。

Land reclamation in mining areas is an urgent task.Due to years of mineral exploitation,large areas of land have been destroyed and abandoned,accompanied by soil and groundwater pollution,which results in the formation of brownfields and a large amount of land value loss,aggravates the contradictions of mining areas.Therefore,it is of great practical significance to study the reuse of this special land in order to make sustainable development of mining areas.Based on the analysis of the relevant theories and methods of brownfields research in China and abroad,this paper discusses the schemes and measures of comprehensive management of brownfields in mining areing.It is suggested that the framework of governance and reuse of brownfields in China can be divided into three stages： investigation and evaluation,ecological restoration,land reclamation and landscape reconstruction.The evaluation stage includes the evaluation of soil environmental quality and the sustainable use of brown soil.The ecological restoration stage can choose suitable technical methods to carry out the polluted soil and groundwater restoration.The land reclamation and landscape reconstruction stage mainly deals with the brownfields reclamation and comprehensive management and utilization based on the type and distribution characteristics of local brownfields.The main contents and measures of each stages are discussed.The advantages and disadvantages of different remediation techniques are compared,and the conceptual model was suggested for reclamation and comprehensive utilization of brownfields in China.