熔融度对熔锥型光纤耦合器特性影响研究

Study on the Effect of Melt Degree on the Characteristics of Fused Tapered Fiber Coupler

光纤耦合器是现代光纤器件的一个主要部分,熔融拉锥方法是目前制造光纤耦合器应用最广的方法。熔锥型光纤耦合器在制作过程中受到很多种因素影响,文本主要研究熔融度对熔锥型光纤耦合器分特性的影响研究。本文选用合适的连续函数描述了熔锥型光纤耦合器在制作过程中锥形区的渐变特性和熔融度的关系,并建立熔融性光纤耦合器的结构模型。利用数值模拟的方法,讨论了光纤耦合器在不同的熔融度情况下,分光比、插入损耗、附加损耗的变化情况。得出熔融性光纤耦合器的分光比随熔融度周期变化,对于同一种光纤耦合器,周期随着熔融度增加而越来越小。对于不同光纤耦合器,随着光纤耦合器的长度减小,每个周期的长度增加。这对生产中控制光纤耦合器分光比提供了重要的理论依据。

Fiber coupler is a major part of modern fiber optic devices, the melting cone is the most widely used method of manufacturing fiber coupler. The melting cone type fiber coupler is influenced by many factors in the production process. The paper mainly studies the influence of the melt degree on the sub-characteristics of the fu-sion-type fiber coupler. In this paper, the appropriate continuous function is used to describe the relationship be-tween the tapered characteristics and the melting degree of the fused-cone fiber coupler during the fabrication proc-ess, and the structural model of the fused fiber coupler is established. Based on the numerical simulation method, the change of splitting ratio, insertion loss and additional loss of fiber coupler under different melting degree is dis-cussed. It is found that the splitting ratio of the fused fiber coupler varies with the degree of melt, and for the same fiber coupler, the period is getting smaller as the melt degree increases. For different fiber couplers, as the length of the fiber coupler decreases, the length of each cycle increases. This provides an important theoretical basis for con-trolling the splitting ratio of fiber couplers in production.