无保护会阴接生技术的临床应用效果

Clinical application of unprotected perineum delivery technique

目的:探讨无保护会阴接生技术的临床应用效果。方法:以200例顺产分娩的初产妇为研究对象,随机分为对照组和观察组,各100例,对照组产妇采用常规接生技术分娩,观察组产妇采用无保护会阴接生技术分娩,比较两组产妇的会阴切开率、产程时间、会阴裂伤程度、产后出血发生率、新生儿窒息率、产后会阴疼痛评分、产妇住院时间、住院费用以及护理满意度。结果:两组产妇的各产程时间比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组产妇会阴裂伤率、会阴切开率、肩难产率均低于对照组(P<0.05),观察组产妇会阴完整率高于对照组(χ~2=11.728,P=0.001);两组产妇产后出血、新生儿窒息发生率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组产妇护理满意度高于对照组(χ~2=26.734,P=0.001);观察组产妇住院时间短于对照组(t=5.150,P=0.026);观察组产妇第3 d会阴疼痛评分低于对照组(t=5.839,P=0.023);两组产妇住院费用比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:无保护会阴接生技术可以降低初产妇分娩时的会阴切开率、肩难产率、产后出血率、缓解产后会阴部疼痛程度,提高护理满意度,缩短住院时间,值得临床推广应用。

Objective： To investigate the clinical effect of unprotected perineum delivery technique. Methods： 200 cases under natural labor were randomly divided into control group and observation group,100 cases in each group. The control group adopted routine delivery and the observation group received unprotected perineum delivery technique. The perineal incision rate,time of labor,degree of perineal laceration,postpartum hemorrhage rate,neonatal asphyxia rate,postpartum perineal pain,maternal hospitalization time,satisfaction and hospitalization cost were compared between the two groups. Results： There was no significant difference of time of labor in the two groups（ P 〉 0. 05）. The incidences of perineal laceration,incision and shoulder dystocia in observation group were significantly higher than those in control group（ P 〈 0. 05）. The perineal intactness rate in observation group was significantly higher than that in control group（ P 〈 0. 05）. There was no significant difference in the incidence of postpartum hemorrhage and neonatal asphyxia between the two groups（ P 〉 0. 05）. The maternal satisfaction rate in observation group was significantly higher than that in control group（ P 〈 0. 05） and the hospitalization time was shorter than that in control group（ P 〈 0. 05）.The score of maternal perineal pain on the 3rd day in observation group was significantly lower than that in control group（ P 〈 0. 05）. There was no significant difference in the hospitalization cost between the two groups（ P 〉 0. 05）. Conclusion： Unprotected perineum delivery technique can reduce the rates of shoulder dystocia,postpartum hemorrhage and perineum incision,relieve postpartum pain in the perineum,improve the satisfaction of nursing mothers,and shorten the hospitalization time. It is worthy of clinical promotion.