持续增长背景下大都市空间的“再均衡”发展战略——基于面向2056的悉尼大都市战略规划的启示

Rebalance Strategies for Metropolitan Area in the Context of Urban Growth: Implications from Greater Sydney Strategic Planning 2056

作为发达经济体内仍在不断增长的大都市,悉尼在人口和用地持续增长过程中面临着诸如经济发展、就业岗位、住房可支付性、生态安全等空间不均衡现象,并不断影响城市的空间结构以及城市居民的社会公平,这给作为分配空间资源的一项重要公共政策——大都市战略规划提出了新的挑战。悉尼在2014年提出了应对增长的战略规划,并在2016年底进行了修订,提出了面向2056年的悉尼大都市战略规划。首先介绍悉尼人口持续性增长的发展背景和现存的诸多结构性失衡问题;其次介绍规划提出的经济、社会、环境发展战略,认为实现"再均衡"和城市公平是该规划的核心主题;最后归纳悉尼大都市战略规划的启示,涉及多中心的空间结构成长路径、多层次的住房供应体系及韧性城市管控策略等方面。

As a growing metropolis in the developed world, Sydney is facing spatially uneven phenomena in both processes of population growth and land expansion, such as economic development, employment distribution, housing affordability, ecological security, etc., which have exerted continuous impacts on urban spatial structure and social justice of residents. Such issues have also posed challenges to metropolitan strategic planning, which is an important public policy to allocate spatial resources. In 2014, Sydney announced ＇A Plan for Growing Sydney＇ and made amendment for update in 2016, which generated a latest version of strategic planning called ＇Towards Our Greater Sydney 2056＇. This paper frstly introduces the background of Sydney’s everlasting population growth and structural imbalance issues. Afterwards, specifc economic, social and environmental strategies concerned are introduced and analysed, illustrating that the two main themes of this planning are to achieve rebalance and to promote social justice. Finally, implications from Greater Sydney strategic planning are proposed from the aspects of growth path of polycentric city, multi-layered housing provision system and resilient strategies.