陪护人员的人际沟通能力对老年中重度烧伤患者焦虑及抑郁情绪的影响研究

Effect of Interpersonal Communication Ability of Caregiver on Anxiety and Depression in Elderly Patients with Moderate and Severe Burn

目的:通过对老年中重度烧伤患者的陪护人员进行人际沟通训练,观察其对患者焦虑及抑郁情绪的影响。方法:选取2016年1-12月在本院诊治的老年中重度烧伤患者60例,按照男女性别和烧伤程度分层随机分为实验组和对照组,每组30例。两组陪护人员均行专业知识学习;实验组陪护人员额外进行人际沟通技巧培训,对照组陪护人员不参与。入院后第10天对患者和陪护人员的焦虑、抑郁情绪及社会支持领悟力行问卷调查。结果:实验组患者的焦虑、抑郁评分均小于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);实验组陪护人员的焦虑、抑郁评分均小于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);两组组内比较,亲属陪护者的焦虑、抑郁评分均大于专业陪护者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);实验组患者的社会支持领悟力高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);两组组内比较,亲属陪护患者的社会支持领悟力高于专业陪护患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:对老年中重度烧伤患者的陪护人员进行人际沟通训练可以更好发挥其作用,促进患者康复,减轻双方心理压力,提高预后生活质量;亲属陪护时患者领悟社会支持的能力更高,有利于其早日回归社会生活。

Objective To observe the effect of interpersonal communication training on the anxiety and depression of elderly patients with moderate or severe burn. Methods 60 cases of moderate and severe burn in the elderly treated in our hospital in January to December 2016 were selected, stratified by gender and degree of burn, the patients were randomly divided into experimental and control groups, 30 cases in each group. The caregivers were trained with professional knowledge. The caregivers in the experimental group were trained in interpersonal communication skills, while the control group did not participate. 10 days after admission, the anxiety, depression mood and perceived social support of the patients and caregivers were investigated by questionnaire. Results The scores of anxiety and depression in the experimental group were smaller than those in the control group, the difference was statistically signifcant（P〈0.01）. The anxiety and depression scores of the caregivers in the experimental group were smaller than those in the control group（P〈0.01）. In the two groups, the anxiety and depression scores of relatives caregivers were greater than those of professional caregivers（P〈0.05）. The social support ability of the experimental group was higher than that of the control group（P〈0.01）. In the two groups, the social support ability of the relatives accompanying patients was higher than that of the professional caregivers（P〈0.05）. Conclusion The caregivers in elderly patients with moderate and severe burns interpersonal communication training can better play its role in promoting the rehabilitation of patients, reducing the psychological pressure, improving the prognosis and life quality. Relatives accompanying patients, the ability to understand social support is higher, is conducive to early return to social life