少数民族地区农村老年人公共卫生服务利用调查

Public health service utilization and its influencing factors among rural elderly in minority regions

目的了解少数民族地区农村老年人公共卫生服务利用现状。方法采用分层抽样方法选取宁夏南部地区4个县级区域,根据便利原则随机抽取8个乡镇17个村55岁以上准老年人和老年人作为调查对象,最终得到356份有效问卷。应用SPSS22.0软件进行数据分析,采用描述性统计分析方法、χ~2检验和OLS回归分析。结果被调查者最近一年看病比例为71.63%,首诊所选地点以村诊所为主,利用最多的公共卫生服务项目是测血压和血糖、注射、定期体检和输液等,其影响因素有经济社会特征、卫生习惯、体力与身体状况和医疗保健状况等。结论少数民族地区农村老年人对公共卫生服务的利用不尽合理,而且在回族、汉族居民之间存在差别,尤其是对乡镇一级的公共卫生服务设施利用不足,这方面应该得到合理引导。

Objective To analyze public health service utilization and its influencing factors among rural elderly in southern Ningxia. Methods Using stratified sampling method to select 4 counties area in southern Ningxia,then 17 villages,8 townships were extracted at random according to the principle of convenience. The elderly over the age of 55 as investigation,finally,356 valid questionnaires were obtained. Object Data were analyzed by SPSS22,the main methods were descriptive statistics,χ~2 test and OLS regression. Results In southern Ningxia,71. 63% of rural elderly had seen doctors in a year,the first alternative was village clinics. Using the most public health service project were measured blood sugar,blood pressure,injection,regular physical examination,intravenous infusion. Its influencing factors included economics,sociology,health habits,physical conditions,health care,etc. Conclusion The public health service utilization in rural elderly of minority regions is not reasonable,and there is significant differences between the Hui and Han Chinese residents,especially for village and township level of public health services utilization is insufficient,relevant departments should guide them to reasonable use of public health resources.