黄冈市2011-2016年麻疹流行病学特征分析

Analysis on epidemiological features of measles in Huanggang,2011 to 2016

目的分析黄冈市2011-2016年麻疹发病的流行病学特征,为预防控制麻疹流行提供参考依据。方法以2011-2016年全国传染病疫情信息网络直报系统的麻疹疫情为资料,分析发病的人群、时间、地区和职业分布特征。结果 2011-2016年黄冈市麻疹发病主要集中在<5岁组和≥15岁组,分别占总发病例数的56.44%和32.44%,其差异有统计学意义(χ~2=174.693,P<0.05);麻疹发病存在明显的季节性,全年均有发病,但3-6月份为高峰(χ~2=405.573,P<0.05);10个县(市、区)均有麻疹病例报告,主要分布在红安县、浠水县和黄州区;职业以散居儿童和农民最多,分别是52.44%和14.22%,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=979.244,P<0.05)。结论黄冈市麻疹发病人群主要集中在<5岁婴幼儿和≥15岁青壮年,以散居儿童和农民多见,男性多于女性,季节高峰在每年的3-6月份。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of measles in Huanggang city from 2011 to 2016,to provide scientific basis for measles control and prevention. Methods The measles incidence data were derived from China Information System for Diseases Control and Prevention. The data about the time distribution,region and population of measles were analyzed. Results The cases of measles were mainly concentrated in 5 years old and ≥15 years old population from2011 to 2016,and the constituent ratio was 56. 44% % in 5 years old,32. 44% in ≥15 years old（ χ^2= 174. 693,P〈0. 05）. The measles incidence had obvious seasonality in Huanggang city from 2011-2016. Measles might occur in each month all the year,arrived the peak in April and July（ χ^2= 405. 573,P〈0. 05）. Measles cases were reported in 10 counties（ cities and districts）,mainly in Hongan county,Xishui county and Huangzhou district. The cases of measles were concentrated in children（ 52. 44%） and farmers（ 14. 22%）（ χ^2= 979. 244,P〈0. 05）. Conclusion There is an obvious increasing trend of measles incidence,which is concentrated in the population 5 years old and ≥15 years old,children and farmers in scattered locality; there are more men than women The peak is in a year from April to July.