宁波市奉化区2011-2015年结核病流行特征分析

Analysis on epidemic characteristics of tuberculosis in Fenghua district of Ningbo,2011-2015

目的分析宁波市奉化区2010-2015年结核病流行病学特征,掌握结核病的流行因素,为控制结核病提供科学依据。方法对宁波市奉化区2010-2015年结核病疫情资料进行描述性流行病学分析。结果 2011-2015年宁波市奉化区累计报告肺结核1 475例,发病率为45.4/10万,各年度总体呈下降趋势(χ~2=10.39,P<0.05);肺结核病例报告月份分布呈中间高,两边低趋势;各地区发病不均衡;肺结核发病男、女比1.9∶1;发病例数以15~24岁组最多;非本地户籍发病率高于本地户籍(χ~2=259.82,P<0.05);职业分布以农民、家政、工人及民工为主,占报告病例数84.88%。结论宁波市奉化区2011-2015年结核病疫情呈下降趋势,男性、青壮年和农民病例最多,需加强对重点人群的宣教力度,进一步控制结核病疫情。

Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of tuberculosis in Fenghua district of Ningbo,to master the popular factors and characteristics of the tuberculosis epidemic to provide scientific basis for TB control measures. Methods Descriptive epidemiological method was adopted to analyze the data of TB in Fenghua district of Ningbo from 2011 to2015. Results During 2011 and 2015,1 475 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis were cumulative reported with the incidence of45. 4/100000 in Fenghua district of Ningbo,and it was declined yearly as a whole（ χ^2= 10. 39,P〈0. 05）; the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis was high in the middle and low on both sides; regional incidence were imbalance; the ratio of men to women was 1. 9∶ 1; the most cases were 15 to 24 group; the incidence of non-local household registration was higher than that of local household registration（ χ^2= 259. 82,P〈0. 05）; The occupational distribution were mainly farmers,domestic workers,workers and migrant workers,accounting for 84. 88 % of the reported cases. Conclusion Smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis in Fenghua district of Ningbo is decreasing from 2011 to 2015. Male,young people and farmer are high risk groups. It needs to strengthen the propaganda of key crowd to further control the tuberculosis epidemic situation.