兰州市2006-2016年流感病毒感染聚集性疫情流行病学分析

Epidemiological characteristics of influenza outbreaks in Lanzhou,2006-2016

目的了解兰州市2006-2016年流行性感冒(简称流感)暴发疫情的流行病学特征和毒株变异情况,评价预防控制措施的效果,为流感防控提供科学依据。方法统计分析2006年1月1日-2016年12月31日兰州市报告的确认或疑似流感病毒聚集性疫情的调查报告。结果 2006-2016年兰州市共报告24起流感病毒感染聚集性疫情;疫情报告时间主要集中在每年3-4月,共报告16起(66.67%);暴发疫情均发生在学校,引起流感暴发疫情的病毒亚型主要为B型流感病毒;不同类型机构间罹患率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=426.228,P<0.05),幼儿园流感流行强度高于其他类型机构;事件的持续时间与发生机构和病原类型有关,流行强度与事件发生的季节性和毒株类型有关。结论学校是流感暴发疫情的高发场所,加强学校流感样病例监测,提高事发单位报告敏感性,及早对事件采取相应的处理措施是控制流感暴发的关键。

Objective To investigate the epidemiological features of influenza outbreaks and strain variation in Lanzhou city during 2006-2016 and to evaluate the efficacy of control and prevention measures so as to provide a scientific basis for control and prevention influenza. Methods The data about influenza outbreaks in Lanzhou city during 2006-2016 was analyzed by descriptive epidemiology methods. Results There are 24 influenza outbreaks in Lanzhou during 2006-2016; All of the outbreaks,occured schools and kindergartens. The peak of outbreaks was in March to April; the outbreaks were manly caused by influenza B; the incidence of influenza in kindergartens was higher than that in others schools. The duration of the epidemic was related to the occurrence of the event and the type of pathogen（ P〈0. 05） the attack rate was related to the season and the type of pathogen（ P〈0. 05）.Conclusions Schools are the major sites for influenza outbreak in Lanzhou city. The key points in controlling influenza outbreak are to intensify the school monitoring of influenza like cases,improve the sensitivity of organization reporting and take corresponding countermeasures as early as possible.