GLONASS对跖卫星对导航接收机定位功能影响分析

Analysis of GLONASS Antipodal Satellites' Effect on Navigation Receivers

针对运行于较高高度的航天用户,因会同时接收到GLONASS对跖卫星信号但无法区分而可能影响接收机定位功能的问题,分析了对跖卫星失锁重捕后因位置与伪距不对应,对接收机定位性能产生影响或导致解算出错的机理,发现当接收机工作高度大于208km时需考虑对跖卫星的影响。讨论了对跖卫星对接收机影响的发生条件,将其归为对跖卫星两星仰角均小于5°和一星大于等于5°、一星小于5°的两种场景。给出了工作高度大于208km且小于1 700km、工作高度大于1 700km,以及高轨应用时消除对跖卫星影响的解决方法。用卫星信号模拟器对两种场景的影响进行了仿真并对所提方法进行测试验证。结果表明:给出的方案能有效解决GLONASS对跖卫星引起的接收问题。研究可为兼容GLONASS信号的导航接收机的开发、测试和使用提供参考,对高可靠性航天用户导航接收机的设计有一定的工程实用价值。

To solve the problem that it was possible to affect the positioning of GLONASS receiver operating on relative high orbit because of receiving the signals of GLONASS antipodal satellites but not discriminating,the mechanisms of wrong positioning results or lower positioning performance for the receiver were analyzed,which was caused by the disconformity between the position and pseudorange after losing lock and recapture.It found that the effect of antipodal satellites should be considered when the receiver operated was higher than 208 km.The generating conditions of the effect of antipodal satellites were discussed.The two scenarios were given which were both two satellites’ elevations were smaller than 5°and elevation of one satellite was not smaller than 5°and elevation of the other was smaller than 5°.The methods to eliminate the effect of antipodal satellites were presented for the receiver height from 208 km to 1 700 km,higher than 1 700 km and high orbit application.The effect of the two scenarios was simulated by satellite signal simulator and the proposed method was approved.The results showed that the solution proposed in this paper could effectively solve the receiver problems caused by antipodal satellites,which would provide reference for the development,testing and application of GNSS receivers compatible with GLONASS signal.Also it has some practical engineering value for the design of high-reliability space navigation receivers.