圆轨道航天器在轨加注任务空间燃料站部署问题

Mission scheduling for multiple spacecraft refueling based on space fuel station in circular orbits

在轨服务技术因在航天器故障修复、寿命延长及军事方面有重大辅助作用而越来越受到各航天大国的重视,作为在轨服务技术重要组成部分的在轨燃料补给技术也越来越受到关注。文章针对圆轨道航天器在轨燃料加注任务,将空间燃料站技术与多目标在轨加注技术相结合,对基于燃料站的在轨加注模式进行了研究,提出了一种基于聚类分析的在轨加注任务调度及优化算法。通过对双脉冲轨道转移问题的求解与分析,获得了轨道转移速度增量和轨道参数之间的关系,在此基础上分析了圆轨道航天器在轨加注任务调度问题,并根据调度模型的变量和约束关系,建立了圆轨道航天器在轨加注任务多目标规划模型,并采用免疫遗传算法对加注任务调度空间燃料站选址问题进行了研究。以30颗目标航天器的在轨加注任务为例进行了数值仿真,并由燃料消耗的计算结果验证了算法的有效性。

As the development of space technology,the demand for space transportation system becomes larger and more various,on-orbit refueling has been a new and independent developing direction in order to reduce the launch costs,mitigate space debris and improve the payload of launch vehicle.The development of methodologies was focused to generateoptimal trajectories and schedules for refueling constellations of refueling spacecraft.An onorbit reusable refueling policy and its mission scheduling for multiple spacecraft in circular through a space fuel station were presented.In order to establish the scheduling model for the on-orbit refueling of multiple circular spacecraft orbit through a space fuel station,the relationship between the velocity change and orbital elements for transferring of service spacecraft was firstly obtained based on the analysis of the problem of two impulses orbital maneuver.A multi-objective optimization model for mission scheduling of on-orbit refueling for multiple spacecraft in circular orbits was developed to optimize both the sequence and time distribution of the refueling mission,and a specifical design algorithm was employed to search the solutions to the multi-objective optimization problem.To verify the effectiveness of the proposed scheduling algorithm,a computer simulation that aims at scheduling a mission of on-orbit refueling for 30 spacecraft in circular orbits was conducted.