试论清代书院诗中的山林文化

Discussion on Mountain Forest Culture in Academy Poetry of Qing Dynasty

书院诗自产生之日起就与山林文化结下了不解之缘。清代书院诗作为清人书院生活的艺术写实,在描绘自然山水景观的同时,还带有明显的时代印迹。主要体现在三个方面:其一,儒家山林教学的时代写照;其二,书院与佛教寺观的相互并存、相互对抗;其三,浓厚的地域文化色彩。作为重要研究文献资料,清代书院诗一方面反映了清代书院发展的时代特征,另一方面,又反映出传统教育注重人文熏陶的特质。

From the day of its birth, poetry of the academy has a close relationship with the mountain forest culture. As the artistic realism in the academy life of the intellectuals in the Qing Dynasty, the poetry of the academy depicted the landscape of the mountain forest, and reflected obvious time imprinting. It is mainly embodied in three aspects： first, the era of Confucian teaching in the mountain forest. Second, Buddhist temples and academies coexisted and conflicted with each other. Third, the academy poetry of Qing Dynasty has forceful geographical culture color. In short, as an important research material, on the one hand, academy poetry of Qing Dynasty reflected the era characteristics of the academy development, and on the other hand, it reflected the characteristics of traditional education focusing on humanistic edification.