铁路机车车轮轮缘径向裂纹超声检测工艺研究

Technical Study on Ultrasonic Testing of Radial Cracks inthe Wheel Flangesof Railway Locomotive

机车车辆车轮轮缘在循环载荷和冲击作用下,会产生轮缘伤损。通过声路分析、人工伤损设计制作、超声工艺试验,提出机车车轮轮缘径向裂纹自动化探伤设备超声检测工艺,即用70°横波斜探头偏斜一定角度放置于踏面距轮外侧面44 mm处,对车轮轮缘径向裂纹进行超声波检测。当选取10°偏斜角时,此工艺可以有效检出直径为950 mm^1 250 mm的车轮轮缘部位深度大于5 mm的径向伤损。

The wheel flange of rolling stock may be damaged under circulating load and impact. By acoustical circuitanalysis,artificial damage design making and ultrasonic test,the article puts forward an ultrasonic technology ofusing automation flaw detection equipment to detect radial cracks in locomotive wheel flanges,that is,to place a70° transverse wave angle beam probe on the wheel tread that is 44 mm to the outside surface of the wheel by deflect-ing at a certain angle,with an ultrasonic detection conducted for the radial cracks in wheel flanges. When choosing a10° offset angle,such a technology can effectively detect radial damages with a depth of over 5 mm at the wheelflange of a wheel 950 mm^1 250 mm in diameter.