应急接种人群麻疹风险认知与信息获取途径调查研究

Survey on the cognition for risk of measles infection among emergent vaccinated group

目的了解北京市某大厦应急接种人群对麻疹的风险认知及疫情信息的获取途径,为麻疹防控提供依据。方法自行设计调查问卷,选取北京市某大厦麻疹疫苗应急接种人群开展现场调查,分析公众对麻疹传播途径及感染风险的认知情况和疫情信息的获取途径、信任度。结果本研究调查808人,370人(45.79%)知晓麻疹的正确传播途径。不同年龄组(χ~2=8.42,P=0.02);不同文化程度(Z=16.79,P<0.01);不同交通方式(χ~2=7.53,P=0.02);不同身体状况(χ~2=4.14,P=0.04)人群知晓率差异均有统计学意义。不同年龄组人群麻疹感染风险认知差异有统计学意义(χ~2=10.56,P<0.01)。公众对于传统媒体及面对面的信息传递信任程度(均>4分)高于自媒体传播(P<0.01)。结论在大厦和密闭商业中心区域加大对麻疹防控相关知识的宣传和健康教育,疫情发生后可通过公众信任度较高的媒体形式开展信息公开及健康知识普及。

Objective To understand the cognition for risk of measles infection among emergent vaccinated individuals in Beijing,and to describe various ways of acquiring knowledge of measles.Methods A self-designed questionnaire survey was conducted among 808 individuals who accepted emergent vaccination in a office building to describe the cognition for disease transmission route and the infection risk of measles as well as various ways of acquiring knowledge of measles.Results Out of 808 subjects,almost half（45.79%）claimed of knowing the proper transmission of measles.The awareness rate varied significantly among subjects based on age（χ^2=8.42,P=0.02）,education（Z=16.79,P〈0.01）,commute method（χ^2=7.53,P=0.02）and health condition（χ^2=4.14,P=0.04）.The difference of cognition of measles infection risk was statistically significant among individuals in different age group（χ^2=10.56,P〈0.01）.The study subjects were more likely to trust the traditional media and face-to-face acquire disease information other than the auto-media.Conclusions Education of measles prevention and control should be strengthened in the above population.Traditional media as TV and radio is more helpful in the spreading of knowledge of measles.