基于大型钢轨探伤车的顶面伤损漏磁检测技术研究

Research on Detection Technology of Top-Surface Damage and Magnetic Leakage Based on Large Flaw Detection Vehicle for Rails

我国铁路主要依靠人工对钢轨顶面伤损进行检查,缺乏有效的钢轨顶面伤损深度检测评价技术手段。研究基于大型钢轨探伤车的顶面伤损漏磁检测技术,设计开发了检测探头、模拟信号调理模块、数据采集和处理模块及上位机软件,完成了钢轨顶面伤损漏磁检测系统的开发。该系统在实验室条件下能够以最高50m/s速度检测宽度为0.2mm的顶面伤损,并进行了40km/h的车载试验。车载试验表明,检测系统在钢轨探伤车上能够安全运行,不干扰其他检测设备,能够适应铁路现场电磁环境,能够检测钢轨顶面人工伤损,但对顶面微裂纹的检测、电磁参数调整、安装方式和试验验证需深入研究。

The flaw detection of rail top-surface in China is mainly carried out manually, lacking effective technical means of profound testing and evaluation on top-surface damage. Research was carried out on the detection technology of top-surface damage and magnetic leakage based on large flaw detection vehicle for rails. Detection probe, analog signal modulation module, data collection ＆ processing module and upper monitor software were designed, and the development of rail flaw detection system for top-surface damage and magnetic leakage was completed. Under laboratory conditions, the system can carry out damage detection on top-surface 0.2 mm wide at the speed of up to 50 m/s, and carry out vehicle experiment at 40 km/h. The experiment shows that the detection system can operate safely on the flaw detection vehicle without interfering other testing devices. The system proves to be able to adapt to the electromagnetic environment on railway site and detect the artificial damage on top-surface of rails. Nevertheless, it is still necessary to carry out profound research on issues such as micro crack detection on top-surface, adjustment to electromagnetic parameters, and method of installation and experimental verification.