注重葡萄膜炎辅助检查的针对性

The diagnostic investigations should be efficient for patients with uveitis

葡萄膜炎临床常见且病因复杂,其诊断首先是基于临床表现.我国常见的葡萄膜炎类型根据临床表现即可确诊,不需要做辅助检查寻找病因.对于病因不明的葡萄膜炎,尤其具有某些葡萄膜炎类型特异体征的患者或临床拟诊感染性葡萄膜炎、伪装综合征时,需要根据临床表现进行必要的辅助检查,包括外周血检查、眼科影像学检查及眼内液检查.通过认识临床辅助检查的误区,强调在临床工作中无论是病因筛查还是对于治疗效果的随访,辅助检查均应具有针对性,首选无创检查,最大限度节约医疗成本和时间,减少不必要的损伤.

Uveitis is a common and etiologically complex disease.The diagnosis of uveitis is mainly based on clinical findings,and no ancillary test is needed for diagnosis of the most common uveitis entities in China.Ancillary tests,however,are needed to identify the underlying cause when the clinical presentation points to some specific disease entity,and when infectious uveitis or masquerade syndrome is suspected.A variety of ophthalmic imaging techniques and laboratory tests analyzing blood or intraocular fluid are currently available for etiological identification in uveitis as well as for disease follow-up.When these tests are considered,the less invasive,expensive and time-consuming ones should be chosen.