中国长寿地区60岁及以上老年人握力状况调查

Study on handgrip strength of elderly ≥60 years old from longevity areas in China

目的 了解中国长寿地区老年人握力状况，分析老年人握力的相关因素。方法 利用中国老年人口健康影响因素跟踪调查（CLHLS）中2012年调查数据，选取8个中国长寿地区年龄≥60岁且有有效握力测量值的1 967名老年人作为调查对象。通过问卷调查其人口学特征、生活行为方式及患病情况。采用机械握力计测量调查对象左手和/或右手的握力。比较不同特征人群握力水平的差异，采用累积比数logistic回归模型分析握力的主要相关因素。结果 老年人握力P50（P25-P75）为20（11-28）kg；男性握力高于女性（P〈0.001），分别为26（18-34）、14（9-20）kg。累积比数多因素logistic回归模型分析结果显示，女性握力低于男性握力水平，β（95%CI）值为-1.22（-1.43--1.00）；较高年龄、吸烟、饮酒、贫血者的老年人握力较低，β（95%CI）值分别为-0.08（-0.09--0.07）、-0.29（-0.56--0.02）、-0.54（-0.80--0.28）、-0.41（-0.62--0.20）；较高BMI、饮茶及户外活动的老年人握力较高，β（95%CI）值分别为0.28（0.15-0.40）、0.25（0.03-0.47）、0.51（0.30-0.71）。结论 性别和年龄是长寿地区老年人握力水平的主要相关因素，不同生活行为方式及身体状况对老年人握力水平也可能存在影响。

Objective To assess the status of handgrip strength of elderly population from longevity areas in China, and to analyze the correlative factors of handgrip strength of elderly people.Methods Data from Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey （CLHLS） in 2012 was used, from which1 967 participants aged ≥60 years old with valid data of grip strength value from 8 Chinese longevity areas were included. Information on demographics characteristic, life style and health status was collected using questionnaires. The handgrip strength of both left and right hands were measured by grip dynamometer. The different characteristics of group of participants with different grip strength were compared and then analyzed by adopting the Cumulative odds Logistic regression model to identify main factors associated with hand grip strength.Results The P50 （P25-P50） of hand grip strength of elderly people from the eight longevity areas was 20 （11-28） kg; The hand grip strength of males was 26 （18-34） kg, which was higher than that of females（14 （9-20） kg） （P〈0.001）. Cumulative odds Logistic regression model showed that the hand grip strength of females was lower than males, whose β value （95%CI） was-1.22 （-1.43--1.00）. The elderly who was at a higher age, smoking, drinking or with anemia, had a comparatively lower handgrip strength, whose β （95%CI） value were separately-0.08（-0.09--0.07）,-0.29（-0.56--0.02）,-0.54（-0.80--0.28）, and-0.41（-0.62--0.20）. And the elderly who had a higher boby mass index, drinking tea and outdoor activities, had a comparatively higher handgrip strength, whose β（95%CI） value were separately 0.28 （0.15-0.40）, 0.25（0.03-0.47） and 0.51（0.30-0.71）.Conclusion Age and gender were the main correlative factors, lifestyles and physical conditions might also be correlative factors of hand grip strength of the elderly from longevity areas in China.