利用GPS-RTK高程进行换能器升沉改正的研究

Research on the Heave Correction of Transducer Using GPS-RTK Height

在传统走测方式下进行水下测量时,测量船不可避免地受水流、风浪等影响使换能器发生纵横摇摆和上下升沉,由此带来的测深误差影响大,且由于波浪具有随机性而难以消除。换能器升沉的影响,可以通过添加姿态测量设备进行消除,但由于姿态测量设备的成本较高以及其他多种原因,在滨海及内河流域未能得到广泛使用;无验潮水下测量模式可以对换能器升沉进行消减,但是该方法需要通过水准测量得到每个控制点的正常高,且仍需水位资料进行水位修正,工作量远大于验潮测量。分析了换能器升沉的改正方法和原理,研究了GPS-RTK高程数据中所包含的各类信息及升沉信号提取方法,提出在基于GPS-RTK定位的传统验潮模式下,利用GPS-RTK高程数据对波浪影响进行改正,消减波浪影响,提高测量精度。

In the traditional mode for underwater measurement, the vessel generates unavoidably pitch, roll and heave by the water flow, wind, waves and other effects. These effects produce great error of bathymetric survey, but the error is difficult to eliminate because of the randomness of wave. The effect of heave can be eliminated by attitude instrument, but the equipment is not widely used in the coastal and inland river basins because of the high cost of the equipment. No tide sounding system can weaken the heave of transducer, but this method requires the normal height of every control points by leveling and the tide data. This paper analyzes the correction method and principle of the heave, and researches the signal of GPS-RTK height and how to extract the heave, and proposes the heave correction of transducer using GPS-RTK height which can weaken the heave, improve the accuracy in the bathymetric survey with tide.