优质护理干预对神经内科昏迷患者鼻饲反流误吸的预防效果研究

Preventive effect of high quality nursing intervention on nasogastric aspiration of patients with coma in department of neurology

目的探讨对神经内科昏迷患者予以优质护理干预后，患者发生鼻饲反流误吸的情况。方法对2015年4月至2016年10月接受鼻饲治疗的64例神经内科昏迷患者采用随机数字法进行分组处理，分别予以常规鼻饲护理管理（对照组）和优质护理干预（优质组），每组32例，对比两组疗效。结果优质组患者的反流、误吸发生率及胃管堵塞率分别为3．12％、6．25％、3．12％，均显著低于对照组的25．00％、28．13％、21．87％（P〈0．05）。治疗后优质组的BMI指数、生活质量和家属满意度分别为（23．57±2．95）kg／m2、（86．78±4．76）分、（92．57±5．21）分，均显著高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P〈O．05）。结论对神经内科接受鼻饲的昏迷患者采取优质护理干预，能够有效降低患者发生反流及误吸的风险，更好促进营养吸收、提高生活质量。

Objective To discuss the situation of nasogastric aspiration of patients with coma in department of neurology after high quality nursing intervention. Methods 64 patients with coma in department of neurology who underwent nasal feeding from April 2015 to October 2016 were randomly divided into two groups. 32 cases in the control group received routine nasal feeding nursing, while 32 cases in the high quality group received high quality nursing intervention. The curative effects of the two groups were compared. Results The incidences of reflux, aspiration, and stomach tube obstruction in the high quality group were 3.12%, 6.25%, 3.12%, significantly lower than 25.00%, 28.13%, 21.87% in the control group （P〈0.05）. The BMI index, quality of life, and family satisfaction in the high quality group after treatment were （23.57±2.95） kg/m2, （86.78±4.76） points, （92.57±5.21） points, significantly higher than those in the control group （P〈0.05）. Conclusion High quality nursing intervention can effectively reduce the incidences of reflux, aspiration in patients with coma in department of neurology who underwent nasal feeding, which can promote alimentation better and improve the quality of life.