江西都昌保护区越冬水鸟群落多样性及种多度

Species Diversity and Abundance of Wintering Waterbird Community in Duchang Nature Reserve in Jiangxi

2015年12月至2016年1月,采用定点直接计数法对江西都昌保护区越冬期湿地水鸟群落的物种多样性和种多度进行了监测分析。结果显示:1)共记录在都昌保护区越冬的湿地水鸟6目11科28种,以雁形目、鸻形目、鹳形目鸟类为主(75.00%),其次为鹤形目、??目(21.42%);古北种占绝对优势(78.57%),其次为东洋种(14.29%);冬候鸟为主(78.57%),其次为留鸟(21.43%);涉禽(57.14%)和游禽(39.29%)居多;绝大部分湿地水鸟种类受到关注,35.71%的鸟种处于受胁状态,57.14%的鸟种已引起关注并被列入保护名录中;2)鸟类群落的多样性指数为0.758,均匀度指数为0.228;3)对数正态分布模型模拟的鸟类群落的种多度关系呈对数正态分布,符合鸟类群落常见性与罕见性分布的特性。

To understand the waterbird community dynamic during the wintering period, the investigation on waterbird community species diversity and abundance had been carried out in Jiangxi Duchang Migratory- Birds Nature Reserve by fixed point counting method from Dec. 2015 to Jan. 2016. The investigation informa- tion was analyzed as follows： 1） 28 species of waterbirds were recorded, belonging to 11 families of 6 orders; the dominant orders were Anseriformes, Charadriiformes and Ciconiiformes （75.00%）, and then Gruiformes and Podicipediformes （21.42%）. The Palaearctic species made up the absolute predominance of quantity （78.57%）, followed by the Oriental realm species （14.29%）. Wintering birds were dominant （78.57%）, and the rest resident birds （21.43%）. Most birds were the grallatores （57.14%） and natatores （39.29%）. And most birds were those having received close attention： among them, 35.71% were in a threatening condition and 57.14% were listed in the protection namelist; 2） Species diversity index （a-diversity） was 0.758, and the Evenness index was 0.228; 3） The simulation result by log normal distribution model showed that species abundance exhibited a logarithmic normal distribution and accorded with the characteristics of distribution of commonness and rarity.