思辨与逍遥——论亚里士多德与庄子的幸福理想

Speculation and Peripateticism——The Most Ideal “Happiness” of Aristotle And Zhuangzi

"幸福"是人类的永恒话题,也是伦理学研究的终极目标。尽管亚里士多德与庄子都在精神维度上探索至高的幸福,但是两者的运思力向是完全不同的。亚里士多德向往理智的抽象思辨,而庄子则追求情感的愉悦自得。其实,将个人幸福完全"客观化"(亚里士多德)或是完全"感觉化"(庄子)都是有失偏颇的,在这两种幸福观中保持必要的张力才是当今的我们对待幸福的正确态度。

＂ Happiness＂ is the eternal topic for human beings, and it is also the ultimate goal of ethics study. Al- though both Aristotle and Zhuang zi explore ＂Happiness＂ at the spiritual level, their thinking directions are com- pletely different. Aristotle is in pursuit of reasonable abstract speculation, while zhuangzi dreams of the internal joy of emotions. In fact, either regarding personal happiness as a totally ＂objective＂ goal （ Aristotle ） or com- pletely as a kind of ＂feeling＂ （Zhuangzi） is biased. Keeping necessary elasticity in these two attitudes to ＂Happiness＂ should be the right attitude to ＂Happiness＂ nowadays.