定子永磁和转子永磁混合式步进电机性能比较研究

Studies of Performance Comparison Between Stator-permanent-magnet and Rotor-permanent-magnet Hybrid Stepping Motors

定子永磁型混合式步进电机(stator-permanent-magnet hybrid stepping motor,SHSM)是一种新型结构的混合式步进电机,其运行原理与普通转子永磁型混合式步进电机相同,但转子结构更为简单、转子机械强度更高、转矩及功率密度更大、永磁体散热更容易、设计分析计算更为方便。为合理评估两种结构混合式步进电机性能,该文从永磁气隙磁密、最佳铁心迭长、永磁转矩、定位转矩及转矩脉动、永磁磁链及空载反电动势、永磁体漏磁及利用率、定子轭部磁通密度等方面对两种电机进行综合分析比较。试制一台功率为240W的2相8极50齿SHSM样机,通过实验验证其工作原理的实际可行性。基于SHSM样机参数,构建两种电机的有限元仿真模型并进行有限元分析比较。有限元和实验结果验证了理论分析的正确性,为新型SHSM的进一步推广应用奠定一定理论基础。

The stator-permanent-magnet hybrid stepping motor （SHSM） is a new kind of hybrid stepping motors, which has the same operation principle as the rotor-permanent-magnet one （RHSM）,. whereas superiorities are such as the simpler rotor structure, higher mechanical robustness, higher torque and power density, easy PM dissipation, and simple design and analysis. To reasonably evaluate the performance of these two kinds of HSM, comparative analysis was carried out in terms of the PM air-gap flux density, the optimal core length, the PM torque, the detent torque and the torque ripple, the PM flux linkage and the no-load back-EMF, the PM leakage flux and the utilization rate and the stator yoke flux density. A prototype of the 2-phase 8-pole 50-tooth SHSM was fabricated and tested to verify the motor＇s operation feasibility. Based on prototype＇s parameters, simulation models of the two kinds of HSM were built and analyzed by finite element method （FEM）. Accuracy of the theoretical analysis was verified by FEM and experimental results, which provides a theoretical basis for further extension and applications of the novel SHSM.