干热区柠檬枝梢类型对花果及果实品质的影响

Effects of Lemon Branch Types on Flower,Fruit and Fruit Quality in Dry-hot Valley

选择4年生投产的‘云柠1号’尤力克柠檬为材料,针对柠檬不同枝梢类型(带叶无新梢枝梢、无叶枝梢、带叶有新梢枝梢),开展其开花、果实发育动态、产量及品质研究。结果表明:带叶有新梢枝梢的营养生长量最大,其枝长、枝粗、老叶片数分别增加6.94 cm、0.90 mm、8.04片;带叶无新梢枝梢的挂果数最多,为1.36个,比带叶有新梢枝梢和无叶枝梢分别多0.32个和1.12个;带叶无新梢枝梢的单枝产量最高,为132.54 g,带叶枝梢的单枝产量极显著高于无叶枝梢;带叶有新梢枝梢果实单果重、纵径、横径、瓤重、出汁率都最大,分别比无叶枝梢高21.61 g、9.11 cm、2.93 cm、9.59 g、1.03%,分别比带叶无新梢枝梢高4.80 g、3.22 cm、0.30 cm、1.22 g、0.91%;带叶有新梢枝梢果实可溶性固形物显著高于带叶无新梢枝梢和无叶枝梢,带叶枝梢果实的Vc含量显著高于无叶枝梢。总之,在干热区带叶无新梢枝梢和带叶有新梢枝梢无论在营养生长还是生殖生长都显著优于无叶枝梢,尤其是提高了果实产量和品质,这为柠檬果园修剪管理提供了生产指导。

The ‘Yunning No.1＇ Eureka lemons of four years old were used as the materials to explore the effects of different types of lemon branches（ branches with leaves and without new shoots, branches without leaves,branches with leaves and new shoots） on their flowering, fruit development, fruit yield and quality. The results showed that the amounts of vegetative growth were the most for the branches with leaves and new shoots, whose length, roughness, leaf number increased 6.94 cm, 0.90 mm, and 8.04 respectively. The fruit number of the branches with leaves and without new shoots was up to 1.36, which was 0.32 and 1.12 more than those of branches with leaves and new shoots and branches without leaves, respectively. The branches with leaves and without new shoots had the highest fruiting yield per single branche, it was up to 132.54 g. The fruiting yield per single branche for branches with leaves was significantly higher than the branches without leaves. The fruit weight,vertical diameter, transverse diameter and pulpa weight of branches with leaves and new shoots were the maximum,which was 21.61 g, 9.11 cm, 2.93 cm, 9.59, 1.03% higher than those without leaf branches, and was 4.80 g, 3.22 cm,0.30 cm, 1.22 g, 0.91% higher than the branches without leaves. The soluble solids of fruits for branches with leaves and new shoots were significantly higher than those for branches with leaves and new shoots and branches without leaves. The Vc contents of fruits for branches with leaves were significantly higher than the branches without leaves. In short, whether nutrition growth or reproductive growth, especially the fruit yield and quality for the branches with leaves were significantly superior to the branches without leaves in the dry-hot valley.