论多元化国家的实现:从多元文化公民权出发的讨论

On Realizing Diversified State——A discusion Based on Multicultural Citizenship

同质预设与异质现实的矛盾是民族国家的根本问题。现代社会要与自身的内部多样性和解,必须在本质上超越这一范式。公民国家和多元文化主义作为回应这一问题的两种主要方案,从两个相反的方向分别抓住了多元现代国家的一个面向,但二者都未能彻底走出民族国家困境。而威尔·金里卡的多元文化公民权理论通过把文化性纳入政治本身,将多元文化主义与公民制度有机结合在了一起,提出了一种真正超越了民族国家的新的国家形式。但多元文化公民权无法保证多元化国家的团结,这需要公民宗教和宪法爱国主义的补充。

The conflict between the homogeneous model and the heterogeneous reality is a Nation-State essential problem,which calls for transcending this paradigm. As two main theories dealing with this issue,Civic State and Multieuhuralism each gets one point of the diversified modern society, but both of them fail to solve the nation- state dilemma in essence. While Will Kymlicka＇s Multicuhural Citizenship combines the two by bringing cultural dimension into politics, and claims a new form of state that transcends the Nation-State model. However, Muhi- cultural Citizenship could not guarantee the solidarity of the diversified state,which should be supplemented by Civic Religion and Constitutional Patriotism.