慢性心力衰竭老年患者医院感染的相关因素分析及其对策

Analysis on Related Factors of Nosocomial Infection in Elderly Patients with Chronic Heart Failure and Its Countermeasures

目的:分析慢性心力衰竭老年患者医院感染的相关因素及其对策。方法:选取2015年2月—2017年2月期间收治的慢性心力衰竭老年患者200例病历资料,统计医院感染的发生率,分析医院感染发生的因素,并探讨相关应对措施。结果:200例慢性心力衰竭老年患者,发生医院感染者30例,其感染的发生率为15.00%;其中15例呼吸道感染,7例泌尿系统感染,4例消化系统感染,2例口腔感染,2例皮肤黏膜感染;经单因素分析,结果示医院感染与患者年龄、病程、住院时间、心功能分级、合并肺部疾病、合并糖尿病、侵入性操作等因素具有相关性(P<0.05);经多因素Logistic回归分析,结果示患者年龄>70岁、住院时间>14 d、合并糖尿病和有侵入性操作是医院感染的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论:影响慢性心力衰竭老年患者医院感染的因素较多,临床应制订针对性防治措施,以降低医院感染率,提高治疗效果。

Objective： To analyze the related factors of nosocomial infection in elderly patients with chronic heart failure and to take its countermeasures. Methods： 200 cases of elderly patients with chronic heart failure treated in our hospital from February 2015 to February 2017 were selected as research subjects. The incidence of nosocomial infection was recorded and the factors of nosocomial infection were analyzed, and relevant countermeasures were discussed and taken. Results： Of the 200 elderly patients with chronic heart failure, nosocomial infection occurred in 30 cases; the infection rate was 15%; respiratory tract infection 15 cases; urinary tract infection 7 cases; digestive tract infection 4 cases; oral infection in 2 cases, and skin infection 2 cases. By single factor analysis, nosocomial infection was significantly correlated with age, course of disease, hospitalization time, cardiac function classification, pulmonary disease, diabetes mellitus, invasive operation and other factors （P〈 0.05）. By multivariate logistic regression analysis, the age of patients was more than 70-year-old, hospitalization was more than 14 d, and diabetes mellitus and invasive operation were independent risk factors for nosocomial infection （P〈0.05）. Conclusions： There are many factors affecting nosocomial infection in elderly patients with chronic heart failure, so clinical measures should be taken to reduce the rate of nosocomial infection and to improve the therapeutic effect.