指纹图谱、多成分定量与模式识别相结合的大黄质量评价

Quality Evaluation of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma Based on Combinative Method of Fingerprint,Assay of Multi-component and Pattern Recognition

目的:建立指纹图谱、多成分定量与模式识别相结合的大黄质量评价方法。方法:高效液相色谱法测定9批饮片、2批药材共计11批大黄样品指纹图谱,建立指纹图谱共有模式,并对11批样品指纹图谱进行相似度评价,通过对照品比对指认部分成分,并测定样品中量,分别对指纹图谱及含量测定数据进行聚类分析和主成分分析。结果:11批样品指纹图谱标定了35个共有峰,指认了其中11个成分分别为2个鞣质单体(没食子酸和儿茶素)、4个结合型蒽醌(芦荟大黄素-8-O-葡萄糖苷、大黄素-1-O-葡萄糖苷、大黄酚-1-O-葡萄糖苷和大黄素-8-O-葡萄糖苷)和5个游离型蒽醌(芦荟大黄素、大黄酸、大黄素、大黄酚和大黄素甲醚);饮片中游离型蒽醌量占总蒽醌量的比例明显高于药材,指纹图谱相似度和聚类分析均可区分大黄饮片和药材;35个共有峰可分为两类,其中5个游离型蒽醌及没食子酸等8个成分为一类,4个结合型蒽醌及儿茶素等27个成分为另一类;9批饮片主成分综合得分与含量测定结果明显相关。结论:所建立的方法直观、简便、准确、可行,可用于全面评价大黄质量。

Objective ： To establish a combinative method based on fingerprint, assay of multi - component and pattern recognition for quality evaluation of rhei radix et rhizoma （RRR）. Methods ： Nine batches decoction pieces and 2 batches materia medica of RRR were determined by HPLC and a common mode of fingerprint was established. The similarities between fingerprints of 11 batches samples and common mode were evaluated. Some components were identified by comparison with reference substances and their content in samples were determined. Data of fingerprints and assay were analyzed by hierarchical cluster analysis. Results： There were 35 common peaks in fingerprints of 11 batches RRR, 11 of them were identified as tannins （gallic acid and catechin）, 4 bound anthraquinones （aloe -emodin -8 -O- glucopyranoside, emodin - 1 - glueoside, chrysophanol - 1 - glueoside, and emodin - 8 - glueoside ） and 5 free anthraquinones （ aloe - emodin, rhein, emodin, chrysophanol, and physeion）. The content of free anthraquinones in decoction pieces was significantly higher than that in materia medica. The similarity of fingerprints and hierarchical cluster analysis could be used to distinguish decoction pieces and materia medica. Thirty - five common peaks were classified into 2 categories. Eight components including 5 free anthraquinones and gallic acid were in one category. Twenty - seven components including 4 bound anthraquinones and catechin were in other category. The comprehensive principal component scores of 9 batches decoction pieces were significantly related with results of content determination. Conclusion： The developed method is simple, accurate, feasible and can be used for overall quality evaluation of RRR.