离子液体中电铸镍研究

Study on Electroforming Ni in Ionic Liquid

鉴于传统水溶液中电铸镍普遍存在的析氢问题以及离子液体这种新型介质的巨大优势,系统地研究了在离子液体中温度、电流密度对电铸镍层形貌和结构的影响,并首次测定了离子液体中电铸镍件的抗拉强度和显微硬度。结果表明:110~130℃是较理想的电铸镍温度,升高温度能明显提高电铸镍层的结晶程度,并使晶粒的择优取向由(111)向(200)转变;1 mA/cm^2是较理想的电流密度,随电流密度的增大晶粒逐渐变小,结晶性能也随之减弱;此外,与水溶液相比,离子液体中的电铸镍层有更高的抗拉强度和显微硬度。

In light of the common problem of hydrogen evolution in traditional electroforming nickel and the huge advantages of this new medium ionic liquid, the effects of temperature, current density on electroformed nickel＇s morphology and structure as well as the tensile strength and microhardness of electroformed nickel in ionic liquid were studied. The results show that the suitable temperature range is from 110 °C to 130 °C. XRD tests show electroforming temperature can also significantly improve the degree of crystallinity of electroformed nickel layer, and promote the transformation of preferred orientation of grains from（111） to（200）. The best current density is 1 mA/cm^2. With the increasing of it, the surface of Ni looks rougher and rougher, but grain size and the degree of crystallinity of Ni decrease. In addition, compared with in aqueous solution, Ni electroformed in ionic liquid has higher tensile strength and microhardness.