能否在羁押场所监听律师会见——基于欧洲人权法院R.E诉英国一案的分析

Can the Visit by Lawyer in Detention Facility Be Monitored:An analysis based on R. E v. The United Kingdom from ECt HR

传统上,欧洲人权法院认为被追诉人能够与律师秘密交流是获得有效律师帮助的前提,但在例外情形下可以对这一权利加以限制。在此问题上,欧洲人权法院的判例经历了整体平衡向建立明确规则的转变。R.E.诉英国一案将先前确立的关于窃听案件的标准应用到监听律师会见的情形,监听会见的适用应当限于特殊的犯罪但不必限定对象,应当有明确的期限,而对监听所获的信息,应当设置明确的检验、使用、保存、传播和销毁的规定。R.E.一案对我国的借鉴意义在于,在"三类案件"中有条件地允许监听律师会见,优于普遍拒绝会见。

Traditionally,ECt HR regarded the accused people ＇ s private communication with lawyers as a necessity of obtaining effective defense,but it also allowed restrictions in exceptional cases. In this respect,ECt HR ＇ s position has evolved from totality balance to specific rules. R. E. v. The United Kingdom applies the standard established in interception cases to surveillance of lawyer visit, ruling that surveillance of this kind shall be limited to certain types of crimes but certain people,with specific time limits and rules covering examination,usage,storage,dissemination and destroying. The lesson we can learn from R. E. v. the United Kingdom is that conditional surveillance of lawyer visit is better than systematic restriction in cases falling within three special categories.