同轨双站宽带信号源位置点成像定位算法

A Points Imaging Passive Localization Algorithm of Wideband Signal Sources for Tandem Bistatic Stations

针对已知高度宽带信号源的无源定位问题,借鉴SAR成像原理和直接定位法思想,提出一种利用到达差时间(TDOA)和到达频率(FDOA)信息的位置点成像无源定位算法。采样时将观测时间划分为快时间和慢时间,在快时间域估计TDOA,慢时间域估计FDOA。首先分析了同轨双站构型下距离差走动,然后利用观测区域中心位置对观测时间内各脉冲TDOA进行校正,再通过二维傅里叶变换得到TDOA和FDOA,并将联合估计得到TDOA和FDOA通过几何关系映射得到目标位置。仿真实验表明了本文算法的有效性,且不需要进行信号分选和参数配对,适用于观测不可区分多目标辐射源定位问题,具有高精度和超分辨特性。

For the passive localization of wideband signal sources whose height is known, a novel method is proposed by using the ideas of synthetic aperture radar（SAR） imaging and the direct position determination（DPD） for reference with the information of time difference of arrival（TDOA） and frequency difference of arrival（ FDOA）. The observing time is divided into fast time and slow time in sampling. TDOA is required in the fast time domain, and FDOA is estimated in the slow time domain. Firstly, range difference of arrival（RDOA） walking for tandem bistatic stations is analyzed. Then, TDOA of the multiple pulses in the observing time is corrected by using the center of observing region. Finally joint TDOA and FDOA are estimated by applying 2-D Fourier transform and mapped the position of sources. The results of simulation prove the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. Besides,the proposed algorithm is especially applicable for the observing unresolved multiple targets localization without the process of signal sorting and parameter pairing and maintains advantages in accuracy and resolution.