病人·医学·省思·启示——基于明代名士黄承昊的医疗经历

Patient·Medicine·Reflection·Enlightenment:Based on the Medical Experience of a Celebrity Named Chenghao Huang in Ming Dynasty

生活于晚明时期的士大夫黄承昊因具有痛苦的患病经历而十分关注医学的发展,并编撰了《折肱漫录》一书。他撰著此书时正处于大量本草书、方书刊印和传播的时期,又处于医学界"寒温之争"的兴起过程中,其书深受这些医学变迁的影响。与此同时,黄承昊以一位病人的身份和心态,根据自己和家人的医疗经历对这些医学变迁进行了评述和反思,从而在医学史的演进中发出了病人的"声音"。在宋代以后士大夫阶层普遍涉猎医学的社会文化背景下,对黄承昊这样一位知医病人的剖析,可为丰富医学史的叙事提供有益的参照。

Chenghao Huang, a scholar-official who lived in late Ming Dynasty and had painful treatment experience, paid great attentions to the development of medicine and wrote a book named ZheGong Man Lu. When the book was written, large amounts of books about Chinese herbal medicine and medical formulary were published and circulated, and the debate between the Warm- recuperation school and the Cold-recuperation school was rising, so that the book was heavily influenced by the above changes of medicine. At the same time, based on his and his family＇s medical experiences, Chenghao Huang commented on these changes of medicine from the view of a patient, reflecting a patient-sound in the development of medicine. In the social culture context of scholar- officials generally dabbling in medicine since Song Dynasty, the analysis of the example about Chenghao Huang who knew medicine as a patient provides a good reference to enrich the historiography of medical history.