青年年龄与青年政策年龄研究——以《中长期青年发展规划(2016-2025年)》的青年年龄界定为对象

Youth Age and Youth Policy Age Range Research:A Study Based on the Middle-and Long-term Youth Development Plan (2016-2025)

年龄具有物理性概念、生物学概念、心理学概念和社会概念四种类型,青年年龄也可以分为年代学年龄、生理学年龄、心理年龄和社会年龄四类。从青年年龄的具体操作方式看,青年年龄的界定方式可以分为否定性界定、肯定性模糊化界定与肯定性清晰性界定三种类型。肯定性清晰化界定方式是当前绝大多数国家采用的青年年龄界定方式,可以分为基本类型、简单扩展类型、双重或多重区间类型、以及区分性别的双重区间类型等四种表现形式。青年政策年龄是青年社会年龄中最核心、最基础、最具决定性意义的青年年龄界定,是社会结构对青年群体的制度化确认,必须凸显现实性、准确性和合适性等主要特征。《中长期青年发展规划(2016-2025年)》对青年年龄界定为14-35岁具有综合优势,青年年龄的政策确认及其适当扩展有利于青年政策红利的最大化实现。

Age is a concept that can be interpreted physically,biologically,psychologically or sociologically,which also applies to youth. Youth can have a negative definition,a positive but fuzzy definition,or a positive but explicit definition. The last one,adopted by most countries,can be further divided into four types： basic,expanded,dual-or multi-ranged,and gender-specific dual-ranged. However,in terms of social age,policy-defined youth is the most fundamental and decisive concept as it sees youth in the context of social structures. Therefore,it should be factual,accurate and appropriate. The Middleand Long-term Youth Development Plan（ 2016-2025） defines youth as those aged between 14 and 35 years old. I believe such a pertinent definition backed by government policies is conducive to the maximization of the benefits of youth policies.