北五味子醇提取物和水提取物的镇静催眠作用比较

Comparison on the Sedative-Hypnotic Effects of the Ethanol and the Water Extracts of Schisandrae Chinensis

目的:分析北五味子醇提取物和水提取物对小鼠的镇静催眠作用。方法:制备五味子水提取物、醇提取物,并利用高效液相色谱分别测定不同工艺提取物中五味子醇甲、五味子甲素、五味子乙素的含量,观察不同提取物对戊巴比妥钠阈下剂量致小鼠入睡只数和阈上剂量致小鼠睡眠时间的影响。结果:北五味子醇提取物中五味子醇甲、五味子甲素、五味子乙素的含量分别为151.29 mg·g^(-1)、41.61 mg·g^(-1)、142.20 mg·g^(-1);水提取物中五味子醇甲、五味子甲素、五味子乙素的含量分别为57.27 mg·g^(-1)、11.09 mg·g^(-1)、39.29 mg·g^(-1)。五味子水提取物、醇提取物均可以增加阈下剂量戊巴比妥钠致小鼠睡眠只数,延长阈上剂量戊巴比妥钠致小鼠睡眠时间,镇静催眠作用呈良好的量效关系。其中醇提高剂量组可明显增加阈下剂量戊巴比妥钠致小鼠入睡只数(P<0.05),水提高剂量组和醇提中剂量组、高剂量组均可以明显延长阈上剂量戊巴比妥钠致小鼠睡眠时间(P<0.05)。结论:五味子醇提取物和水提取物均有镇静催眠作用,且醇提取物的效果优于水提取物。五味子醇甲、五味子甲素、五味子乙素含量与镇静催眠作用有正相关性,是北五味子具备镇静催眠作用的重要物质基础。

Objective： To study the sedative-hypnotic effect in mice and content determinationin of Schisandrae chinensis extracts by different methods. Methods： The ethanol and the water extracts of Schisandrae chinensis was prepared. Sedative and hypnotic effects of ethanol and the water extracts were compared by using pentobarbital sodium induced sleep experiment in mice. Content of schisandrin,schisandrin A,schisandrin B were determined by HPLC. Results： The content of schisandrin,schisandrin A,schisandrin B in alcohol extract were 151. 29 mg·g-1,41. 61 mg·g-1,142. 20 mg·g-1; the content of schisandrin,schisandrin A,schisandrin B in water extract were 57. 27 mg·g-1,11. 09 mg·g-1,39. 29 mg·g-1. Both the ethanol and the water extracts can enhance the sleeping number of pentobabital sodium（ subthreshold dose） and prolong the sleep time of pentobabital sodium（ suprathreshold dose） in mices with good dose-effect relationship. Among them,alcohol extract group can significantly enhance the the rate of falling asleep of pentobabital sodium（ subthreshold dose）（ P〈 0. 05）. Alcohol extract middle and high dosage groups and water extract group can remarkedly prolong sleeping time of pentobabital sodium（ subthreshold dose）（ P 〈0. 05）. Conclusions：Both the ethanol and the water extracts of Schisandrae chinensis have sedative hypnotic effect,and the effect of the ethanol extract is stronger than the water extract. The content of schisandrin,schisandrin A and schisandrin B has positive correlation with sedative hypnotic effect. It is also the important material base of sedative hypnotic effect in Schisandrae chinensis.