一株凝结芽孢杆菌的生物学特性及其有机酸相关研究

Study on the biological characteristics of a Bacillus coagulans and its organic acid

为了研究凝结芽孢杆菌的生物学特性及其产酸性能分析,试验对一株凝结芽孢杆菌进行生理生化和16S r DNA鉴定,通过耐酸、耐胆盐、耐高温及抗生素敏感性进行抗逆性检测,并采用高效液相色谱法针对发酵液中的有机酸含量进行测定。结果表明:此株菌是一株凝结芽孢杆菌,其营养体对抗生素敏感,具有一定的耐酸耐胆盐能力,同时耐高温。此株菌可产生多种有机酸,乙酸含量最高由24小时的794.70μg/mL上升到36小时的1 372.58μg/mL;琥珀酸在24小时的含量为519.02μg/mL,但36小时时降至407.62μg/mL;戊酸产量最低;其他酸则处于中间值。说明此株菌为抗逆性强、营养体对抗生素敏感且产酸能力强的凝结芽孢杆菌。

The aim of the present study was to investigate the biological characteristics and the acid - producing properties of Bacillus coagulans. The physiological, biochemical and 16S rDNA characteristics of a Bacillus coagulans were identified. The resisting performance of the strain was also tested, including acid resistance, bile resistance, high temperature resistance and antibiotic susceptibility. The content of organic acids in the fermentation broth was determined by high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC）. The results showed that the strain was a coagulant. The bacteria trophoroite was sensitive to antibiotics and had a ability of resistance to acid and bile salt. It was also resistant to high temperature. The strain could produce a variety of organic acids. The highest content of acetic acid was increased from 794.70 μg/mL （24 h ） to 1 372.58 μg/mL （36 h）. The content of succinic acid was 519.02 μg/mL in 24 h, but it decreased to 407.62 μg,/mL at 36 h. The yield of valeric acid was the lowest, and the other acids were in the middle. The results indicated that the Bacillus coagulans had a strong resistance to stress, and the trophoroite was sensitive to antibiotics and had strong acid production ability.