阴道炎患者阴道毛滴虫感染状况调查

Investigation of the infection status of 859 patients infected with Trichomonas vaginalis

目的研究阴道毛滴虫患者感染情况,为临床患者感染防治提供指导。方法收集2016年某医院妇科和生殖医学门诊就诊的859例患者的临床资料,采用生理盐水直接涂片检测患者阴道分泌物中阴道毛滴虫。采用卡方检验进行统计学分析。方法收集2016年某医院妇科和生殖医学门诊就诊的859例患者的临床资料,采用生理盐水直接涂片检测患者阴道分泌物中阴道毛滴虫。采用卡方检验进行统计学分析。结果 859例就诊者中阴道毛滴虫感染77例,感染率8.96%。<45岁和≥45岁患者阴道毛滴虫感染率分别为11.79%和6.61%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.9159,P=0.0266)。春、夏、秋和冬季阴道毛滴虫感染率分别为13.14%(31/236)、6.37%(13/204)、7.98%(17/213)和7.77%(16/206);春季感染率最高,与其他季节比较,差异有统计学意义(χ2=6.939,P=0.0084)。农民、工人、教师、服务业者阴道毛滴虫感染率分别为12.45%(33/265)、8.53%(18/211)、5.95%(11/185)和7.58%(15/198);农民感染率最高,与其他各组比较,差异有统计学意义(χ2=5.7164,P=0.0168)。未婚患者和已婚者感染率分别为5.19%(11/212)和10.20%(66/647),差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.9159,P=0.0266)。经常清洁外阴者和不经常清洁外阴者感染率分别为6.32%(23/364)和10.91%(54/495),差异有统计学意义(χ2=5.4163,P=0.0199)。采用避孕套患者和口服避孕药或无避孕患者感染率分别为5.47%(18/329)和11.13%(59/530),差异有统计学意义(χ2=7.9716,P=0.0048)。结论阴道毛滴虫感染率青年高于中老年,且春季是感染高峰期。农民、已婚及不经常清洁外阴者感染率均较高,且口服避孕药或无避孕患者感染率明显高于使用避孕套者,加强健康教育,改善卫生习惯有利于降低阴道毛滴虫的感染。

Objective To study the infection status of patients infected with Trichomonas vaginalis in order to guide the prevention and treatment of that infection in clinical settings Methods Clinical data were collected on 859 patients with vaginitis in the Outpatient department of Hospital A,and the prevalence of T.vaginalis in vaginal secretions from patients was tested using wet mounts.Statistical analysis was done using the chi-square test. Results Of 859 patients with vaginitis,77 were infected with T.vaginalisfor a rate of infection of 8.96%.The rate of infection with T.vaginalis was 11.79% among younger patients under the age of 44 and 6.61% among middle-aged and elderly patients over the age of 45.The rate of infection differed significantly by age（χ2=4.9159,P=0.0266）.T.vaginalisinfected patients at a rate of 13.14%in the spring,at a rate of 6.37%in the summer,at a rate of 7.98%in the autumn,and at a rate of 7.77%in the winter.The rate of infection was highest in the spring,and the difference between that rate and the rate in other seasons was significant（χ2=6.939,P=0.0084）.T.vaginalis infected patients who were farmers at a rate of 12.45%,patients who were workers at a rate of 8.53%,patients who were teachers at a rate of 5.95%,and patients in the service industry at a rate of 7.58%.Patients who were farmers had the highest rate of infection,and the difference between that rate and the rate for patients in other occupations was significant（χ2=5.7164,P=0.0168）.T.vaginalisinfected patients who were unmarried at a rate of 5.19% and patients who were married at a rate of 10.20%.The difference in the rate of infection was significant（χ2=4.9159,P=0.0266）.T.vaginalis infected patients who frequently cleaned their vulva at a rate of 6.32% and patients who rarely cleaned their vulva at a rate of 10.91%.The difference in the rate of infection was significant（χ2=5.4163,P=0.0199）.T.vaginalis infected patients who had a partner using a condom at a rate of 5.47% and patients using an oral contraceptive or no contraception at a rate of 11.13%.The difference in the rate of infection was significant（χ2=7.9716,P=0.0048）. Conclusion Younger patients had a higher rate of T.vaginalis infection than middle-aged and elderly patients,and infection peaked in the spring.Patients who were farmers,who were married,or who rarely cleaned their vulva had a higher rate of infection,and patients using an oral contraceptive or no contraception had a significantly higher rate of infection than patients with a partner using a condom.