第三波法律全球化背景下的中国民法典编纂

The Compilation of the Civil Law Code Under the Background of the Third Wave of Legal Globalization

晚近的第三波法律全球化,预示着资本主义发展正经历重大转变。世界正构筑起人与物的全面数字化、信息化与交互化网络,新的财产形态、信息资本与虚拟经济大量兴起,这对传统的人法和财产法理论构成巨大挑战。伴随人工智能等技术发展,民事权利主体呈现多元化趋势,民法需要新的"人法"理论来重新定义法律人格和法律行为等概念,这将深刻改变传统的所有权、契约和侵权理论。近代民法典运动围绕自然人法律人格的构建,通过物的稀缺性的构造推动了资本主义的发展。今天,工业革命以来围绕有形物构建的民法秩序正向围绕信息构建的民法秩序全面转型。对于中国而言,有必要将无体财产特别是信息财产有效纳入民法典的体系范围,在民事法学体系建构中打破传统人-物二元对立的法律格局。中国民法典编纂必须同时回应三次法律全球化运动的范式,深刻洞悉世界社会发展的新趋势和新动向。

The third wave of legal globalization indicates that capitalist development is undergoing a major transformation. The world is building a comprehensive digitalization of people and things,information and interactive network,the new form of property,information capital and the rise of a large number of virtual economy,posing an immense challenge to the traditional theory of human and property law. With the development of artificial intelligence and other technologies,the main body of civil rights presents a diversified trend,and civil law requires a new "human law" theory to redefine the concept of legal personality and legal behavior,which will profoundly change the traditional ownership,contract and tort theory. The modern civil code movement revolves around the construction of natural person's legal personality,and promotes the development of capitalism through the construction of the scarcity. Today,since the industrial revolution,the civil law order built around the tangible things has been completely transformed in the civil law order around the information construction. For China,it is necessary to effectively integrate the non-property,especially the information property,into the scope of the civil code system,and break the legal pattern of the traditional dualistic opposition in the construction of the civil law system. The compilation of the Chinese Civil Code must also respond to the paradigm of the three legal globalization movements and deeply understand the new trends of developments of world society.