印度残疾儿童教育政策发展轨迹及问题评析

An Analysis of the Development Contrail and Problems of Education Policy of Children with Disabilities in India

印度独立70年以来的残疾儿童教育政策轨迹,体现为路径演化从隔离到融合,法规体系从宪法逐步到专门法案,相关项目已经从初等教育延伸到了中等教育。依托教育政策,印度残疾儿童受教育权保障状况取得了显著成效,但在教育数量、教育质量、教育公平和教育态度等方面仍然存在着许多问题。导致这些问题的主要原因可以归纳为经济基础、顶层设计、管理水平及社会文化等四个方面。

It is a global issue to guarantee the right to education of children with disabilities. Since 1947 the education policy of children with disabilities in India has evolved from separation to integration and from being mentioned in the constitution to formation of special legislation, the relevant projects have extended from elementary education to secondary education. Supported by education policy, India has made remarkable achievements on guarantee of right to education of children with disabilities, but there are still many problems on number of educators, quality of education, education equity and education attitude, etc. The main reasons of these problems could be summarized in four aspects including economic base, top-level design, management ability and social culture.