中国对俄罗斯公共外交三大问题的应对——以俄罗斯“中国年”活动为例

China's Public Diplomacy in Russia: Limitations and Suggestions——Taking the 'Chinese Year' in Russia as an Example

进入21世纪,为深化中俄两国的战略协作伙伴关系,中国在俄罗斯举办"中国年"公共外交活动。俄罗斯"中国年"活动中存在一些问题,包括俄罗斯公众将中资企业视为资源掠夺者、将俄罗斯孔子学院误解为外国代理人机构以及在中国媒体资讯传播过程中出现"逆反效应"。本文以这三个问题为切入点,借助"事实-价值"模型分析导致问题出现的原因,并在借鉴欧美发达国家发展经验的基础上提出企业引领公共精神;孔子学院告知核心理念;以及媒体叙事公关新闻等主张,以期为提高我国对俄公共外交活动效果提供思路。

At the beginning of the twentieth century, China held a public diplomacy event called the ＇ Chinese Year＇ in Rus- sia, in order to deepen the strategic cooperative partnership between China and Russia. There are, however, a number of limita- tions with improving the image of China within Russia, including the Russian public seeing Chinese enterprises as resource pred- ators, the misunderstanding of the Confucius Institute as a foreign agency, and the unfavorable reaction of the Russian public to Chinese news. This paper takes these three limitations as the starting point to analyze the influencing factors of the limitations. With the help of the ＂Fact - Value＂ Model and the experience of developed countries in Europe and America, we put forward the following suggestions, enterprises that advocate the public spirit, Confucius Institute that inform the core ideas and the idea of lo- calizing news content, aiming at improve the effect of China＇s public diplomacy in Russia.