高精度孔系螺旋铣削加工技术研究

Research of helical milling technology to make high-accuracy holes

螺旋铣孔方法常被用于代替钻孔加工钛合金、碳纤维增强复合材料等难加工材料,从应用范围来说属于粗加工、半精加工范围,少见精加工范围的应用。分别采用镗削、螺旋铣削加工2Cr13材料上孔径为φ25 mm的阵列孔系,螺旋铣削加工孔的尺寸精度达到6级,位置度优于0.008 mm,孔圆度达到0.003 mm,圆柱度0.005 mm,优于镗削加工所得孔的精度。验证了螺旋铣孔应用于孔精加工的可行性,扩展了螺旋铣孔方法的应用范围,可以大大提高生产效率、降低生产成本。

Helical milling has been used to replace drilling when making holes on titanium alloy,carbon fiber reinforced plastics（ CFRP） and other difficult-to-cut materials. Generally speaking,the technology is only applied in rough-machining or semifinishing stage, barely used to obtain high-accuracy holes. Helical milling technology was applied in this paper to make holes,diameter of which is φ25 mm,on 2 Cr13 material. Hole accuracy better than boring was achieved,that is,dimensional accuracy of grade 6,position errors less than 0. 008 mm,the roundness of holes 0. 003 mm,cylindricity errors0. 005 mm. The application of hole helical milling is extended to finishing stage,which can improve productivity and reduce production cost.