湘西州留守与非留守中学生精神成瘾行为及影响因素分析

Analysis of addictive behaviors and the influential factors of addictive behavior among left-over middle school students and common ones in Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture

目的了解湘西州留守与非留守中学生精神成瘾行为情况及网络成瘾影响因素,为积极开展相关健康教育提供参考。方法分层随机整群抽取湘西州2 251名中学生,其中留守1 124名,非留守1 127名,并对其长时间上网、网络成瘾、长时间玩电子游戏行为进行问卷调查。结果非留守中学女生长时间上网的报告率(13.69%)高于留守女生(7.19%);非留守初中生(18.84%)、高中生(18.07%)长时间玩电子游戏的报告率高于留守初中生(11.96%)、高中生(12.59%);农村非留守中学生(9.59%)网络成瘾的报告率高于农村留守中学生(6.21%),差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。Logistic回归显示,留守中学生网络成瘾的危险因素有男生,上网以游戏为主,心情很少或有时、经常或总是不愉快(OR值分别为6.452,1.850,3.263,3.045,P值均<0.05);非留守中学生网络成瘾的危险因素有男生,单亲、其他家庭类型,很少或有时、经常或总是心情不好、父亲学历为初中及高中(OR值分别为2.400,2.558,4.801,3.821,1.794,2.582,P值均<0.05),保护因素有学习成绩中等(OR=0.246,P=0.001)。结论非留守较留守中学生更易发生精神成瘾行为,应引导其正确使用计算机和网络,控制上网时间,并积极开展相关健康教育。

Objective To understand the addictive behavior of left-over middle school students and common ones in Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture and to study its influential factors,and to provide a reference for carrying out health education. Methods A total of 2 251 middle school students（ 1 124 of left-over middle school students and 1 127 of common ones） randomly selected from Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture were investigated by questionnaires about their behaviors of long-time Internet surfing,Internet addiction and long-time video game. Results More female common middle school students（ 13. 69%） were reported of having long-time Internet surfing than female left-over ones（ 7. 19%）; more common junior students（ 18. 84%） were reported of playing long-time video game than left-over junior students（ 11.96%）; more common high school students（ 18.07%） were reported of playing long-time video game than left-over high school students（ 12.59%）; more rural common middle school students（ 9.59%） were reported of having internet addiction than rural left-over ones（ 6. 21%）. The differences were of statistical significance（ P〈0. 05）.According to Logistic Regression Analysis,the risk factors of internet addiction among left-over middle school students were male students,game-oriented internet,always unhappiness（ OR = 6.452,1.850,3.263,3.045,P〈0. 05）; the risk factors of internet addiction in common middle school students were male students,from single-parent family,frequent or always unhappiness and having a father graduated from junior and senior high school（ OR = 2.400,2.558,4.801,1.794,2.582,P〈0.05）. The protective factor was having an academic record on an average level（ OR = 0.246,P = 0.001）. Conclusion Common middle school students are easier to become addictive than left-over middle school student. Common middle school students should be guided to a proper use of computer and internet to control the internet time. And the related health education should also be actively carried out.