高中生校园暴力行为影响因素的结构方程模型分析

Structural equation model analysis on influencing factors of campus violence among teenager

目的了解高中生校园暴力行为及其影响因素,为制定预防校园暴力的有效措施提供参考。方法采用整群抽样的方法,选取江西省婺源县某中学1 810名高中生进行自填式匿名问卷调查,调查问卷是根据青少年危险行为因素监测问卷(Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance,YRBS)翻译成中文再请专家进行修改制定的,采用结构方程模型分析校园暴力的影响因素。结果 1 810名学生中,发生身体暴力的有267名(14.75%),发生精神暴力的有239名(13.20%),发生性暴力的有78名(4.31%)。校园暴力行为影响因素结构方程模型表明,社会因素对校园暴力行为的间接效应具有负向作用(-0.224),即通过个人行为影响校园暴力行为;个人行为对中学生校园暴力行为的直接效果为正向作用(0.731);学校表现对校园暴力既有直接效果(0.226),也有间接效果(0.074);模型中各因素总效应为0.807,较好地解释了对校园暴力行为的影响,其中个人行为是校园暴力的主要影响因素。结论高中生校园暴力行为的影响因素中个人行为的总效应最高。只有家庭、社会、学校以及各方面有机结合起来,才能有效地控制青少年的校园暴力行为。

Objective The aim of this study was to understand campus violence among teenagers and analyze the influencing factors,in order to provide a reference for the development of intervention measures. Methods Students in a high school in Wuyuan County of Jiangxi Province were selected by cluster sampling method to have a self-adminstered anonymous questionnaire.The questionnaire was translated into Chinese and amended according to the questionnaire of youth risk behavior surveillance（ YRBS）,and the structural equation model was used to analyze the influencing factors of campus violence. Results Among 1 810 students,267（ 14.75%） had physical violence,239（ 13. 20%） were of mental violence and 78（ 4. 31%） of sexual violence. The structural equation model of school students＇ campus violence showed that social factors had a negative impact on the indirect effect of campus violence（-0.224）,the campus violence was influenced by individual behavior. The direct effect of individual behavior on campus violence was positive（ 0.731）; The school performance had both direct effect（ 0. 226） and indirect effect（ 0. 074） on campus violence; the total effect of each factor in the model was 0.807,which explained the influence of campus violence,and the individual behavior was the main influencing factor of campus violence factor. Conclusion The total effect of individual behavior on the influencing factors of campus violence is the highest,suggesting that only the joint efforts of family,society,school and all aspects can effectively control the campus violence.