宁夏儿童青少年睡眠时间分布特征及其与超重肥胖的关系

Sleep duration and its relationship with overweight and obesity among students in Ningxia

目的了解宁夏地区儿童青少年睡眠时间分布特征及其与超重、肥胖的关系,为有效控制儿童青少年超重肥胖提供参考。方法利用2014年全国青少年体质与健康调研宁夏地区资料,选取9 853名儿童青少年作为研究对象,分析睡眠时间分布特征及其与超重、肥胖的关系。结果宁夏儿童青少年睡眠时间<6.0,6.0~6.9,7.0~7.9,≥8.0 h/d的比例分别为13.9%,35.6%,22.3%和28.2%,睡眠不足(<8.0 h/d)的比例为71.8%。随着年龄的增长,自我报告睡眠持续时间充足(≥8.0 h/d)的比例逐渐降低。儿童青少年超重、肥胖率分别为7.4%和2.0%,随睡眠时间的增加而减少(χ2值分别为82.020,29.301,P值均<0.01)。单因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,不同睡眠时间对儿童青少年超重或肥胖率的影响具有统计学意义。进一步调整年龄和性别后,以睡眠时间≥8.0 h/d为参照组,睡眠时间<6.0 h/d和6.0~6.9 h/d对超重率影响有统计学意义,OR值分别为1.667(1.224~2.270)和1.363(1.046~1.777)。结论睡眠不足可能是导致儿童青少年超重、肥胖的危险因素。为提高儿童青少年的健康,保证充足的睡眠时间和健康的生活方式是必不可少的。

Objective To explore sleep duration and its relationship with overweight and obesity among students in Ningxia. Methods Data came from 2014 National Survey on Students Physical Fitness and Health in Ningxia area. A total of 9 853 children and adolescents were investigated with sleep duration,as well as height and weight assessment. Results Proportions of sleep duration 6 h/d,6-6.9 h/d,7-7.9 h/d and ≥8 h/d was 13.9%,35.6%,22.3% and 28.2%,respectively. Insufficient sleep（ 8 h） was reported by 71.8% of all participants. Self-rated sufficient sleep duration（ ≥8 h/d） rates decreased with age. The overweight and obesity rates was 7.4% and 2%,respectively,which decreased with sleep time increased. Univariate logistic regression analysis revealed that,compared with sufficient sleep duration,sleep durations 6 h/d and 6-6.9 h/d were associated with overweight and obesity. The adjusted odds ratios（ OR） were 1. 667（ 1. 224-2. 270） and 1. 363（ 1. 046-1. 777）,respectively（ χ2= 82.020,29.301,P〈0.01）. Conclusion Insufficient sleep may be a risk factor for overweight among students in Ningxia.It is important to ensure adequate sleep duration of children and foster healthy lifestyle at an early stage of life.