对新疆双语文化的历史脉络的梳理——基于对新疆博物馆西域史料的考察

A Combing of Historical Venation of Xinjiang Bilingual Culture——Based on the Investigation of the Western Regions History Materials from Xinjiang Museum

新疆双语文化的历史根脉流淌着中原文化的基因,从汉朝一直到唐宋时期,中原文化从器物、思想制度、文化意识形态等领域全面影响着西域本土文化的发展,直接促进了西域语繁文盛多语文化的出现。10世纪至18世纪伊斯兰化后的西域在双语文化上渐次倾向于阿拉伯和波斯文化,出现了本土双语文献和多语人才。西域本土居民先信仰佛教后改信伊斯兰教,宗教文化语言是西域双语文化发展的动力来源之一,也是西域文化变迁、转向的分水岭。新疆无论是在过去还是现在都存在着"双语"和"多语"传统,历史上西域双语文化的内涵由语言形式上升到成为确立民族文化身份的新阶段,再到成为国家实现文化认同的选择手段,双语教育的实施、革新促成了双语文化真正意义上的大繁荣。

The historical roots of Xinjiang bilingual culture flowing in the Central Plains culture gene,from the Han Dynasty to the Tang and Song Dynasties,the culture of the Central Plains from the artifacts,ideological system,cultural ideological and other areas influences the development of the western region of local culture,directly promoted the emergence of polyglot multilingual cultural in the Western regions.10 to 18 centuries after the islamisation of the Western regions in bilingual culture gradually tend to Arab and Persian culture,the local bilingual literature and multi-lingual talents. The Western regions local residents buddhist before they are converted to Islam,religious culture,language is one of the power source of the bilingual cultural development,also is the watershed of the Western regions cultural change. Xinjiang in both the past and now there is a ＂bilingual＂and ＂multilingual＂tradition,the Western regions in the history of the connotation of bilingual culture from language form to become established a new stage of national cultural identity,to become the realization of the choice of cultural identity,the implementation and reform of bilingual education have contributed to the prosperity of the real meaning of bilingual culture.