实质性派生品种鉴定方法研究进展

Development of the identification of essentially derived varieties

为了保护原始品种权人的权利,国际植物新品种保护联盟(International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants,UPOV)1991文本引入了实质性派生品种(Essentially derived varieties,EDV)概念。尽管我国尚未实行EDV保护制度,但EDV的保护是新品种保护发展的必然趋势。EDV实质派生于原始品种但与原始品种有明显区别,然而EDV鉴定十分复杂,系谱分析法、杂交、形态鉴定、分子标记、基因分型等方法都可用于EDV鉴定,但由于不同作物育种强度、遗传基础等不同无法建立统一的鉴定标准。总结不同国家或国际组织对EDV的判定经验,可为中国建立EDV保护制度提供理论支持。

To protect the breeders ’ rights of initial variety, the concept of essentially derived varieties（EDV）has been incorporated into the UPOV 1991 Act. The EDV protect system was not adopted in China,but it will be adopted in future with the development of breeding technology. EDV was obtained from initial variety and has distinguish difference with initial variety. The identification criterion of EDV is very complex. Many methods,such as pedigree analysis, heterotic assess,phenotypic analysis,DNA marker,next generation sequencing, were used to determine the essentially derived varieties. Due to difference of breeding level and genetic diversity of crop, a unified criterion cannot be established. Studying of practices of international organizations and other countries on EDV identification will be of great enlightenment for China.